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Medical History

Prior diagnoses — cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer — with strong prognostic evidence, though exact risk varies widely by disease severity and treatment.

Cardiovascular diseaseHistory of DiabetesCancer history
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3 results

Prior cancer diagnosis and mortality profile in US adults

Strong
Cancer historyObservational evidenceSelf-report bias
Observational study
Prior cancer diagnosis associated with 29% higher multivariate-adjusted all-cause mortality (HR 1.29, 95% CI 1.22–1.35)
Causal status: Associational; prospective cohort with national death-registry linkage
Reliability / bias notes: Self-reported prior diagnosis; heterogeneous cancer types and time-since-diagnosis pooled together
Wang et al · Am J Med Sci · 2023 · PMID 36279936
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UK Biobank cardiometabolic multimorbidity and all-cause mortality study

Strong prognostic evidence; generic single HR heterogeneous
Cardiovascular diseaseObservational evidence
Cohort study
Mortality varies substantially by MI/CHD, stroke, HF, PAD and multimorbidity; no single generic CVD HR recommended
Causal status: Prognostic/causal disease burden; exact estimate varies by disease
Reliability / bias notes: Disease heterogeneity, treatment, severity, time since event
2022 · PMID 35757322
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Contribution of type 2 diabetes to all-cause mortality in White Europeans and South Asians: UK Biobank

Strong
History of DiabetesObservational evidence
Cohort study
UK Biobank: T2D HR 1.59 in White Europeans and 2.83 in South Asians vs no T2D, after broad lifestyle/sociodemographic adjustment
Causal status: Strong disease causality; cited HR observational
Reliability / bias notes: Duration, treatment, HbA1c and complications strongly modify risk
Hussain et al. · 2020 · PMID 31908795
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