Key finding
Crash case-crossover OR 4.1 for phone use within 5 min before crash; culpability OR 1.70 in another study
Evidence & causal status
Moderate for crash risk; limited for mortality
Strong causal plausibility for crash impairment; direct mortality estimate limited
Caveats & limitations
Reliability / bias notes: Self-report/recall; exposure definition; no robust all-cause mortality coefficient
This describes a population-level association from published research. It is not a prediction about any one individual, and association is not the same as causation unless stated otherwise above.