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Research/Biomarkers/Resting Heart rate

Factor · Biomarkers

Resting Heart rate

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Resting heart rate and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality: meta-analysis

Moderate–strong predictor

Resting Heart rate Meta-analysis Observational evidence

Meta-analysis

~9% higher mortality per +10 bpm in meta-analysis; UK Biobank ~19–22% higher per +10 bpm

Causal status: Association

Reliability / bias notes: Fitness, medications, illness, autonomic tone; measurement noise

Zhang et al · CMAJ · 2016 · PMID 26598376

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Important disclosures. This research library is for informational and educational purposes only. It does not constitute medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, and is not a substitute for consultation with a qualified healthcare professional.

Entries summarise population-level associations from published research. They describe patterns across large groups of people, not a prediction about any one individual — "association" is not the same as "if you change this, your risk changes by this amount."

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