Blood pressure lowering for prevention of cardiovascular disease and death: systematic review and meta-analysis

Ettehad et al · Lancet · 2016

Key finding

~10 mmHg SBP lowering in RCT meta-analysis reduced all-cause mortality RR 0.87; observational 20 mmHg higher usual SBP materially increased vascular mortality

Evidence & causal status

Strongest tier

Strong randomized/interventional evidence

Caveats & limitations

Reliability / bias notes: Treatment status, age, white-coat effect, overtreatment; lower is not always better

This describes a population-level association from published research. It is not a prediction about any one individual, and association is not the same as causation unless stated otherwise above.