Gamma-glutamyltransferase is associated with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies

Du et al · Prev Med · 2013

Key finding

Highest vs lowest GGT quartile associated with 56% higher all-cause mortality (pooled RR 1.56, 95% CI 1.34–1.83) across 7 prospective cohorts, 273,141 participants

Evidence & causal status

Moderate

Associational; proposed independent of alcohol intake but mechanism as a general oxidative-stress/liver marker not fully causal

Caveats & limitations

Reliability / bias notes: GGT is nonspecific (affected by alcohol, medications, fatty liver); Asian subgroup result not significant

This describes a population-level association from published research. It is not a prediction about any one individual, and association is not the same as causation unless stated otherwise above.